DALEKO NA SEVER
[Lontano nel nord/Far in the North]
Aleksei Lebedev? (USSR 1932)
During the years of rapid Soviet industrialization the Arctic increasingly attracted attention as a new frontier of symbolic spatial politics. Growing interest in the natural resources of the region resulted in a gradual shift in cinematic representations of the Arctic, from showcasing indigenous populations to portraying the North as a boundless space that required intensive, high-risk conquest. Soviet cinema popularized and celebrated worker migration to the Arctic zone starting in the 1930s, and numerous films focused on exploration and resource extraction to popularize the industrialization campaign. The image of the resource-rich North was not limited to Soviet territories alone. The Soviet mining territories on Spitsbergen, the largest island in the Svalbard archipelago, were also listed among the nation’s industrial achievements. They are the focus of Daleko na Severe (Far in the North), which documents the Soviet mines on Spitsbergen and the transportation of extracted coal to the mainland. The Svalbard Treaty of 1920 recognized Norwegian sovereignty over the archipelago and established Svalbard as a free economic and demilitarized zone. However, since the 1930s, the state-owned Russian company Arktikugol has operated coal mines on the island. The film shows rich coal deposits on the island, along with the Volodarsky steamboat taking workers of the Donbass and Ural regions from Arkhangel’sk to Spitsbergen, and their work on the Soviet mine. The workers are also seen building houses and loading the first portion of coal onto the Volodarsky, which proudly takes it back to Soviet territory. The use of animated maps helps geographic localization and assists in visualizing the work stages. After a seemingly neutral opening, the narrative turns increasingly propagandistic, with claims that the Norwegian and Dutch mines operate with lower efficiency, contrasting their operations with the shock-work of Soviet miners who also increase their political vigilance by practicing sharpshooting at a caricature capitalist figure in their spare time.
photog: Aleksei Lebedev?
prod: Soyuzkinokhronika.
copia/copy: DCP (da/from 35mm, 620 m.), 22′; did./titles: RUS.
fonte/source: RGAKFD, Krasnogorsk.